Search results for "VENTRICULAR OUTFLOW TRACT"
showing 10 items of 16 documents
Diagnostic electrophysiological study in a highly trained young woman with presyncopal symptoms during exercise: a case report
2021
Right ventricular outflow tract (RVOT) ventricular tachycardia (VT) is frequent and occurs in patients without structural heart disease, especially in highly trained athletes. Most of the studies on cardiac adaptations to exercise have been investigated in male athletes. Women, however, are increasingly participating in sports and electrical and structural adaptations in male and female athletes differ significantly. These cardiac adaptations dissimilarities between males and females have potential implications in diagnosing certain types of arrhythmias. We present here a case of a 35-year-old highly-trained woman endurance athlete that attended the clinic complaining about chest pain and d…
Mitral and aortic regurgitation in 84 patients with mucopolysaccharidoses
1995
In echocardiographic and necropsy studies nodular thickening of the mitral valve and, less frequently, of the aortic valve has been found in 60%-90% of patients with mucopolysaccharidoses (MPS). Little is known about the haemodynamic consequences of these morphological changes. In this study 84 unselected patients with different enzymatically proven MPS and 84 age and sex matched, healthy persons were studied prospectively by colour Doppler flow mapping. The patients' age ranged from 1 to 47 years (median 8.1 years). Mitral and aortic regurgitation were defined as a holosystolic or holodiastolic jet originating from the valve into the left atrium or the left ventricular outflow tract, respe…
Heart valve tissue engineering: how far is the bedside from the bench?
2015
Heart disease, including valve pathologies, is the leading cause of death worldwide. Despite the progress made thanks to improving transplantation techniques, a perfect valve substitute has not yet been developed: once a diseased valve is replaced with current technologies, the newly implanted valve still needs to be changed some time in the future. This situation is particularly dramatic in the case of children and young adults, because of the necessity of valve growth during the patient's life. Our review focuses on the current status of heart valve (HV) therapy and the challenges that must be solved in the development of new approaches based on tissue engineering. Scientists and physicia…
Transcatheter radiofrequency perforation and stent implantation for palliation of pulmonary atresia in a 3060-g infant
1995
In a 3060-g infant with fibromuscular pulmonary atresia an open right ventricular outflow tract was created by means of interventional cardiological methods. Following two inadvertent perforations without sequelae or clinical symptoms, radiofrequency perforation and subsequent balloon dilatation were successfully performed. The implantation of a Palmaz iliac stent led to a predictable communication between the right ventricle and pulmonary artery.
Anatomical and procedural features associated with aortic root rupture during balloon-expandable transcatheter aortic valve replacement
2013
Background— Aortic root rupture is a major concern with balloon-expandable transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR). We sought to identify predictors of aortic root rupture during balloon-expandable TAVR by using multidetector computed tomography. Methods and Results— Thirty-one consecutive patients who experienced left ventricular outflow tract (LVOT)/annular/aortic contained/noncontained rupture during TAVR were collected from 16 centers. A caliper-matched sample of 31 consecutive patients without annular rupture, who underwent pre-TAVR multidetector computed tomography served as a control group. Multidetector computed tomography assessment included short- and long-axis diameters an…
Gerbode-type left ventricular outflow tract to right atrial fistula complicating prosthetic aortic valve replacement identified by cardiac computed t…
2012
Abstract Acquired left ventricular-right atrial communication ( Gerbode-type defect) is a rare complication of infective endocarditis. Although transesophageal echocardiography remains the technique of choice for the evaluation of complications of endocarditis this case highlights the usefulness of cardiac computed tomography in this scenario, particularly in cases where assessment of coronary anatomy is required before surgery.
Direct measurement of left ventricular outflow tract by transthoracic real-time 3D-echocardiography increases accuracy in assessment of aortic valve …
2007
Evaluation of aortic valve stenosis is a major clinical application of echocardiography. The widely employed continuity equation requires determination of the left ventricular outflow tract (LVOT) area. We aimed at testing whether direct area measurement in a volume data set is superior to conventional calculation from the LVOT diameter.We performed LVOT measurement in 20 normal subjects and 83 patients with moderate to severe aortic stenosis with a transthoracic real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (3D-TTE) technique in two systolic frames. The off-line 3D-evaluation allows full choice of section planes within the acquired volume data set. The aortic valve area was calculated from …
Impact of Aortic Diameter Measurements at Three Anatomical Landmarks on Left Ventricular Output Calculation in Neonates
2021
OBJECTIVES To assess reproducibility and accuracy of left ventricular output (LVO) quantifications in neonates, when left ventricular outflow tract diameter (LVOTD) was measured at the hinges of the aortic valve (AV), at the aortic sinus (AS), and at the sinotubular junction (STJ). METHODS This was an observational study. In the first cohort of very preterm neonates, we assessed intraobserver and interobserver repeatability of LVOTD measured at the AV, AS, and STJ and of the corresponding LVO. In the second cohort of older neonates, we compared paired LVO measurements by echo and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). RESULTS In the first cohort of 48 neonates, mean (standard deviation) weight a…
New Technique for Aortic Valve Functional Annulus Reshaping Using a Handmade Prosthetic Ring
2011
Background Despite a wide development in aortic leaflets repair techniques, aortic valve annuloplastic procedures are still poorly investigated. We present our aortic valve annuloplastic system consisting of a handmade prosthetic ring with 2 components for reshaping the aortic annulus and sinotubular junction (STJ) and illustrates our surgical approach and clinical results. Methods Since February 2003, 45 patients with aortic valve regurgitation underwent aortic annuloplasty using the new ring. Mean patient age was 58 ± 16 years (range, 46 to 76 years). The ring has 2 components: a circular ring used to undersize the circumference of the aortoventricular junction and 3-crown-like shape ring…
Postoperative non-invasive assessment of pulmonary vascular resistance using Doppler echocardiography.
2011
Non-invasive monitoring of pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR) in postoperative cardiac surgery patients might be useful, particularly for management of pulmonary hypertension. For this purpose, we sought to assess Doppler echocardiography in the intensive care setting. In 73 patients, hemodynamics was measured using both, invasive gold standard (pulmonary artery catheter), and non-invasively by Doppler echocardiography. Four Doppler parameters: (1) tricuspid regurgitant velocity/time-velocity-integral of right ventricular outflow tract (TRV/VTI(RVOT)), (2) tricuspid annular systolic velocity (S'), (3) tricuspid annular strain, and (4) tricuspid annular strain rate, were compared with invas…